Christopher Aruffo, MFA, MBA, MSc, PhD



A Rational Guide to Verse

or, Scansion Made Simple



 

Problem One:  Too many syllables

A line may have too many syllables to fit the available space.  To resolve this problem, you need to reduce length.  You can shorten syllables to make them fit the space, or you can rearrange lines to take syllables away.

Problem 1A:  Too many short syllables

When you have too many short syllables, you can squeeze them together.  Two or three short syllables can fit into the space of one.  You naturally keep the long syllables evenly spaced by saying the squeezed syllables more quickly.

Quickened syllables may be marked by indicating how many syllables have been squeezed together into a single space.  The mark can be placed between the syllables to create a visual bridge between them.  When there are three syllables to be squeezed, two marks can bridge all three syllables.

     ,   2     ,        ,        ,
The an|imals went | in two | by two
----------------------------------------
      ,    3 3     ,          ,      ,
When Feb|ruary's days | are twen|ty-nine.

Only two or three short syllables can be squeezed into one space.  Four is too many.  Three is the maximum that English will naturally allow.

Resolution 1A:  Squeeze short syllables together.

    ,         ,        ,         ,            ,    
My for|mer speech|es have | but hit | your thoughts,
  ,            ,        ,        ,     2   ,                    ***
Which can | inter|pret fur|ther: on|ly, I say,
  ,                   ,         ,           ,         ,
Things have | been strange|ly borne. | The gra|cious Dun|can    XXX
     ,       ,        ,      ,        ,         ,
Was pit|ied of | Macbeth: | marry, | he was | dead:             XXX
   2      ,    ,  2      ,        ,             ,               ***
And the right|valiant | Banquo | walked too | late;             XXX
 ,           ,    ,            ,            ,         ,
Whom, you | may say, if | it please | you, Fle|ance killed,     XXX
      ,        ,      ,   ,          ,           ,
For Fle|ance fled: | men must | not walk | too late.            XXX
     ,        ,          ,        ,   ,     ,
Who can|not want | the thought | how mon|strous                 XXX
    ,         ,        ,         ,      ,
It was | for Mal|colm and | for Don|albain
    ,             ,        ,         ,       ,
To kill | their gra|cious fa|ther? damn|ed fact!
 ,  ,          ,           ,          ,           ,
How it | did grieve | Macbeth! | did he | not straight          XXX
    ,       ,         ,       ,           ,
In pi|ous rage | the two | delin|quents tear,
       ,           ,          ,            ,           ,
That were | the slaves | of drink | and thralls | of sleep?
     ,          ,       ,      ,         ,        ,
Was not | that nob|ly done? | Ay, and | wisely | too;           XXX
       ,            ,        ,     ,        ,
For 'twould | have an|gered an|y heart | alive
    ,          ,       ,      2     ,        ,                  ***
To hear | the men | deny | it. So that, | I say,               
  2      ,      ,     ,       ,         ,  ,   ,                ***
He has borne | all things | well: and | I do think              XXX
      ,         ,         ,     ,           ,
That had | he Dunc|an's sons | under | his key--
 ,              ,       ,             ,    ,       ,           ,
As, and | it please | heaven, | he shall not-- | they should find XXX
        ,          ,       ,        ,            ,
What 'twere | to kill | a fa|ther; so | should Fle|ance.        XXX
       ,           ,       ,     ,            ,           ,
But, peace! | For from | broad words, | and 'cause | he failed  XXX
     ,                ,          ,          ,
His pres|ence at the ty|rant's feast, | I hear                  XXX
    ,       ,             ,        ,               ,
Macduff | lives in | disgrace. |  Sir, can | you tell
  ,            ,         ,
Where he | bestows | himself?                                   XXX


*** line has been changed
XXX line is still unequal

10 out of 24 lines are now equal.

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